Ingredient framework; direct source links are available in the studies library when published.
How it works
Exchange -- BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, valine) and other EAAs use dedicated large neutral amino acid transporters to cross the gut wall and the blood-brain barrier
Transform -- BCAAs can be oxidized directly in skeletal muscle mitochondria as an auxiliary fuel source during exercise
Build -- the nine essential amino acids are the non-negotiable substrate set for protein synthesis since the body cannot manufacture them -- most direct load on this function
Process -- because EAAs compete with tryptophan and tyrosine for the same blood-brain-barrier transporter, EAA/BCAA intake can shift relative precursor availability for brain neurotransmitter synthesis, an indirect cognitive-substrate link
Form matters
The same nutrient can be made in very different forms -- and a study done on one form does not automatically apply to another. Methylcobalamin is not cyanocobalamin; magnesium glycinate is not magnesium oxide; a whole-food extract is not the synthetic isolate that was studied. Two things decide whether what is in the bottle behaves like the research: the exact form, and independent lab verification (a Certificate of Analysis) that the form and dose on the label are truly what is inside. Without a COA, you are trusting a label, not the science.