Ingredient framework; direct source links are available in the studies library when published.
How it works
Build -- delivers EPA/DHA bound to phospholipids rather than triglycerides, a form that incorporates directly into cell membrane structure
Exchange -- phospholipid form is studied for supporting membrane fluidity and fatty-acid transport
Maintain -- krill oil naturally contains astaxanthin, the same carotenoid antioxidant that helps protect its own omega-3 fatty acids from oxidation in the capsule and, proposed but less proven, within the body after absorption
Exchange -- the phospholipid-bound EPA/DHA form is digested via a different pathway than triglyceride-bound fish oil -- phospholipase rather than pancreatic lipase -- the basis (though not yet conclusively proven head-to-head) for claims that krill-bound omega-3s may be absorbed somewhat more efficiently at matched doses
Form matters
The same nutrient can be made in very different forms -- and a study done on one form does not automatically apply to another. Methylcobalamin is not cyanocobalamin; magnesium glycinate is not magnesium oxide; a whole-food extract is not the synthetic isolate that was studied. Two things decide whether what is in the bottle behaves like the research: the exact form, and independent lab verification (a Certificate of Analysis) that the form and dose on the label are truly what is inside. Without a COA, you are trusting a label, not the science.