Ingredient framework; direct source links are available in the studies library when published.
How it works
Transform -- active form pyridoxal-5-phosphate is cofactor for over 100 enzymes carrying out amino acid transamination and decarboxylation
Build -- PLP is cofactor for ALA synthase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme in heme synthesis
Feel -- PLP-dependent decarboxylases synthesize serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine from amino acid precursors, tying status to mood-relevant neurotransmitter supply
Regulate -- PLP is required for GABA synthesis from glutamate, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter relevant to stress and sleep regulation
Form matters
The same nutrient can be made in very different forms -- and a study done on one form does not automatically apply to another. Methylcobalamin is not cyanocobalamin; magnesium glycinate is not magnesium oxide; a whole-food extract is not the synthetic isolate that was studied. Two things decide whether what is in the bottle behaves like the research: the exact form, and independent lab verification (a Certificate of Analysis) that the form and dose on the label are truly what is inside. Without a COA, you are trusting a label, not the science.
Across your systems
B6, B9 (folate), and B12 work as a single three-part system for methylation and homocysteine clearance -- a shortfall in any one of the three can back up the same metabolic pathway, which is why they are usually assessed and dosed together rather than individually.