ageLOC R2 Night

A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled human trials found grape seed extract supplementation shifted markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, supporting that the OPCs/proanthocyanidins in R2 Night measurably reinforce the body's antioxidant balance in people.

Foshati S; Rouhani MH; Amani R — International journal of clinical practice

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial tested broccoli-derived glucoraphanin (the sulforaphane precursor that activates NRF2 defenses) for recovery from exercise-induced muscle stress, extending human evidence that this R2 Night active works through the NRF2 repair-and-antioxidant gene pathway.

Cesanelli L; Thomas R; Mickevičius M; Sniečkus A; Mickevičienė D; Venckūnas T; Stasiulis A; Kamandulis S — Nutrients

In a human trial, standardized sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract induced phase II detoxification enzymes and blunted the oxidative nasal response to diesel-exhaust particles, consistent with sulforaphane supporting the body's own NRF2 antioxidant defenses -- the mechanism R2 Night is built around.

Heber D; Li Z; Garcia-Lloret M; Wong AM; Lee TY; Thames G; Krak M; Zhang Y; Nel A — Food & function

In a placebo-controlled human dose-escalation trial, oral sulforaphane -- the broccoli-derived active in R2 Night -- raised phase II antioxidant enzyme activity in the airway lining, showing the compound can switch on the body's own NRF2-driven protective gene program in people.

Riedl MA; Saxon A; Diaz-Sanchez D — Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

A review documents that NRF2 is a master transcription factor directly or indirectly regulating more than 2,000 genes, the genetic basis for why converging multiple NRF2 activators -- sulforaphane, grape seed OPCs and pomegranate polyphenols in R2 Night -- acts as a single powerful lever on the body's antioxidant and detox gene network.

McCord JM; Gao B; Hybertson BM — Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

Grape seed proanthocyanidins were shown to act through the NRF2 signaling pathway to strengthen liver antioxidant defenses under chemical stress, indicating the OPCs in R2 Night can engage the same NRF2 antioxidant-gene program as the sulforaphane active.

Wei R; Ping GF; Lang ZT; Wang EH — Toxicology research

In a cell model, procyanidin (a grape seed OPC) reduced oxidative and inflammatory stress via the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, showing the R2 Night proanthocyanidins converge on the same NRF2 -> HO-1 antioxidant-gene axis as its other actives.

Zeng J; Weng Y; Lai T; Chen L; Li Y; Huang Q; Zhong S; Wan S; Luo L — Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology

Urolithin A produced sustained activation of NRF2/ARE signaling alongside mitophagy in a liver model, showing the pomegranate-derived active in R2 Night can drive the same antioxidant-response-element gene program engaged by sulforaphane.

Gao Z; Yi W; Tang J; Sun Y; Huang J; Lan T; Dai X; Xu S; Jin ZG; Wu X — International journal of biological sciences

Urolithin A protected human skin fibroblasts from UVA-driven photoaging through NRF2 activation and mitophagy, directly linking the R2 Night pomegranate metabolite to the same NRF2 antioxidant-gene switch plus mitochondrial cleanup -- a skin-aging-relevant mechanism.

Liu W; Yan F; Xu Z; Chen Q; Ren J; Wang Q; Chen L; Ying J; Liu Z; Zhao J; Qiu J; Zhang C; Jiang M; Xiang L — Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract lowered oxidative-stress and inflammation markers in an aging model, consistent with the OPC fraction in R2 Night supporting the body's own antioxidant defenses during age-related redox decline.

Sheng K; Yang J; Xu Y; Kong X; Wang J; Wang Y — Food & function

When two dietary NRF2-activating phytochemicals (luteolin and sulforaphane) were combined, isobologram analysis confirmed a genuine synergy in dampening inflammatory signaling beyond either alone -- proof-of-concept that stacking NRF2 activators, as R2 Night does, can produce more-than-additive effects (tested pair differs from the R2 Night trio).

Rakariyatham K; Wu X; Tang Z; Han Y; Wang Q; Xiao H — Food & function

In a mechanistic model, sulforaphane induced the NRF2 target gene HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) at the mRNA and protein level and preserved cellular glutathione, mapping the molecular steps by which the R2 Night active turns on NRF2-controlled antioxidant and detox genes overnight.

Noh JR; Kim YH; Hwang JH; Choi DH; Kim KS; Oh WK; Lee CH — Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

This review notes that broccoli preparations rich in sulforaphane precursors have shown pharmacodynamic activation of NRF2 pathways in more than twenty human clinical trials.

Study authors — Frontiers in Nutrition / PMC

This review explains how sulforaphane releases the NRF2 transcription factor from its KEAP1 anchor, allowing NRF2 to switch on genes for the body's Phase II detox and antioxidant enzymes.

Study authors — Seminars in Cancer Biology / PMC

This review compares sulforaphane to other plant-derived NRF2 activators like curcumin and resveratrol, concluding sulforaphane is among the most potent at inducing the body's cytoprotective Phase II gene program.

Study authors — Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

This pilot study found that commonly used acid-suppressing medications did not meaningfully change sulforaphane bioavailability from broccoli sprout extract in participants.

Study authors — Nutrients

This study found that broccoli bred for higher glucoraphanin content delivered correspondingly higher sulforaphane exposure after digestion in study participants.

Study authors — Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

This study found sulforaphane activates a detoxification enzyme in human saliva, offering a simple, direct way researchers can observe sulforaphane's effect on the body's own detox enzyme activity.

Study authors — PLOS One / PMC

This human trial tested dietary sulforaphane's ability to activate NRF2-driven antioxidant genes, finding the supplementation approach used did not reliably turn on this pathway in the airway in this setting.

Study authors — Clinical and Translational Science / PMC

In this human ozone-challenge study, oral sulforaphane from broccoli sprout homogenate did not measurably increase antioxidant gene expression or protect against airway inflammation, a useful null finding on dosing and context.

Duran CG, Burbank AJ, Mills KH, Duckworth HR, Aleman MM, Kesic MJ, Peden DB, Hernandez ML — Respiratory Research

This human trial found sulforaphane bioavailability was substantially higher, roughly 70 percent, when active plant myrosinase enzyme was present with the broccoli, compared with about 5 percent from glucoraphanin consumed without active enzyme.

Study authors — PLOS ONE

plant-based, high-fiber diets lower zonulin (the biomarker of a "leaky" gut lining) more than the Standard American Diet. Fiber itself -- not just "eating healthy" in general -- was isolated as the active ingredient in a randomized crossover trial. Turmeric (curcumin) and zinc also showed gut-barrier protective effects in human/animal trials, at surprisingly low doses (zinc worked at just 3mg/day -- about one cup of cooked lentils).

Yanaka A, et al — Curr Pharm Des

A crossover clinical trial found that sulforaphane bioavailability from broccoli sprout beverages varied widely between individuals and formulations.

Study authors — Cancer Prevention Research

PMID 16284385. Real human RCT of sulforaphane-driven detox excretion, but for aflatoxin, not arsenic.

Study authors — China