Encephalon

In genetically engineered Alzheimer's model mice, a concentrated Ginkgo biloba extract called YY-1224 reduced amyloid-induced memory impairment and brain inflammation markers, but this effect required a working COX-2 gene to occur.

Li ZY; Chung YH; Shin EJ; Dang DK; Jeong JH; Ko SK -- Journal of neuroinflammation

A review of phosphatidylserine, a lipid component of HDL particles, describes correlations between its amount in HDL and lab measures of HDL function, without presenting new patient outcome data.

Darabi M; Kontush A -- Biochimie

A review of fucoxanthin, a pigment from edible brown seaweed, summarizes laboratory findings on obesity, tumor, diabetes and antioxidant related activity, but reports no original clinical trial results in humans.

Zhang H; Tang Y; Zhang Y; Zhang S; Qu J; Wang X -- Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

A meta-analysis of Ginkgo biloba trials found reduced positive symptoms in schizophrenia patients and improved cognitive function in dementia patients, but no effect on negative schizophrenia symptoms and insufficient evidence for other conditions.

Brondino N; De Silvestri A; Re S; Lanati N; Thiemann P; Verna A -- Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

In cultured PC12 nerve cells exposed to ethanol, the compound ginkgolide B reduced cell death, oxidative damage and NADPH oxidase activity, but did not change ethanol-metabolizing enzyme activity in the cells.

Zhang C; Tian X; Luo Y; Meng X -- Toxicology

In 37 overweight women on a 12-week diet and exercise programme, 4.4 mg daily fucoxanthin from Phaeodactylum tricornutum did not add weight or fat loss, but preserved bone mass and improved blood lipids.

Broderick Dickerson; Jonathan Maury; Victoria Jenkins; Kay Nottingham; Dante Xing; Drew E Gonzalez; Megan Leonard; Jacob Kendra; Joungbo Ko; Choongsung Yoo; Sarah Johnson; Rémi Pradelles; Martin Purpura; Ralf Jäger; Ryan Sowinski; Christopher J Rasmussen; Richard B Kreider

Low-voltage alternating electric fields repelled marine biofouling microalgae with 97.2% efficiency, working by raising intracellular reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in the algal cells.

Zhou Z; Huang X; Sun D; Yu H; Jiang X -- Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

In the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, exposure to the pollutant diethylstilbestrol reduced chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency while triggering increased antioxidant enzyme activity such as superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Zhao DS; Liu XL; Chen YT; Yang H; Farooq MA; Yan X; Zou HX -- Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

Using heavy-ion beam irradiation, researchers created fucoxanthin-deficient microalgae strains that instead accumulated biosynthetic intermediates haptoxanthin and phaneroxanthin, helping clarify the fucoxanthin production pathway.

Kubo S; Sano T; Kawachi M; Hase Y; Satoh K; Oono Y; Iwata Y; Endo H; Araie H; Yoneda K; Maeda Y; Suzuki I -- Plant & cell physiology

A review describes how circular RNAs, non-coding RNA loops formed by back-splicing, regulate transcription, translation, and stress responses in microalgae and other eukaryotic cells.

Dehghani J; Panahi B; Nolsøe JMJ; Lerouge P; Bardor M; Omidi Y -- Biotechnology advances

The marine microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum biodegraded 88.4 percent of tetracycline in solution through cytochrome P450 demethylation and deamination, metallo-beta-lactamase bond cleavage, and FAD-dependent monooxygenase oxygenation pathways.

Wu X; Chen J; Du H; Ye Z; Zhang S; Bao R; Xu Y; Meador JP; Zhang Q; Wang S; Wang Z; Liu X -- Bioresource technology

Alginate-derived oligosaccharides expanded the temperature tolerance range of Phaeodactylum tricornutum by 3.4 degrees C, increased biomass by 50 percent at 24 degrees C, and boosted fucoxanthin yield by 46 percent and EPA levels by 72 percent.

Che X; Fan D; Ding R; Zhang L; Zhu B; Li Y -- Bioresource technology

Intermittent light-dark cycles increased growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and pigment production in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, upregulating chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis genes under short light intervals.

Zheng J; Yuan J; Wang X; Zhang D; Lin L; Shi N; Feng Y -- Microbiology spectrum

Phaeodactylum tricornutum is being developed as a photosynthetic microbial chassis for sustainable bioproduction of high-value compounds including fucoxanthin and EPA, supported by genetic and non-genetic engineering toolkits.

Wang S; Hao Y; Qiao T; Zhang R; Yu D; Wang H; Liu Y; Sun Y; Xu D; Song X; Pan K -- Marine drugs

Exposure to the pharmaceutical contaminant diclofenac caused mild physiological effects but altered gene expression and increased nutrient and energy demands in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Alezra L; Le Floc'h E; Félix C; Rosain D; Gomez E; Courant F; Fouilland E; Cheloni G -- Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

In the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, increasing UV radiation dose reduced growth and photosynthetic pigment levels including fucoxanthin, while triggering xanthophyll-cycle gene expression changes as part of a cellular photoprotection response.

Cella H; Bonomi-Barufi J; Velasquez Bastolla CL; Nader C; Oliveira CY; Lopes RG; Mattos JJ; Horta Junior PA; Venâncio HC; de Oliveira Rodrigues ER; Maraschin M; Rörig LR; Dias Bainy AC; Marques MRF; Derner RB -- Photosynthesis research

In microalgae exposed to the antioxidant contaminant BHT, growth and pigment production were inhibited while antioxidant enzyme activity rose, and the microalgae's secretion of IAA promoted growth of a BHT-tolerant bacterium in its surrounding microbiome.

Lu X; Liu J; Xiao X; Xue J; Cheng D; Zhang L -- World journal of microbiology & biotechnology

Study of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum found propranolol's R-enantiomer caused oxidative damage and energy metabolism disruption while the S-enantiomer did not, highlighting the importance of testing individual drug enantiomers in ecotoxicology assessments.

Arenas M; Feijão E; Duarte IA; Fonseca VF; Aparicio I; Alonso E; Duarte B -- Marine pollution bulletin

Metabolomic and computational analysis of the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum identified metabolic pathways, including glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, that could be optimized to boost fucoxanthin and EPA biosynthesis.

Schmitz C; Sforca ML; Maraschin M -- Applied biochemistry and biotechnology

In the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, methyl jasmonic acid treatment triggered RNA editing that regulated fucoxanthin and fatty acid metabolism, offering a strategy to boost production of these commercially valuable bioactive compounds.

Huang S; Liu H; Xu R; Li W; Yang H; Bao X; Hang Y; Gong Y; Zhao Y -- Marine drugs

In high-glucose-cultured rat heart cells, fucoxanthin reduced ROS production and lipid peroxidation, restored antioxidant enzyme activity, and shifted the Bax/Bcl-2 balance toward survival through the AMPK pathway, protecting cardiomyocytes from glucose-driven oxidative damage.

Li F; Lei C -- Archives of medical science : AMS

In the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum, uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and its synthesizing enzyme UGPase increased tolerance to oxidative stress by reducing ROS, malondialdehyde, and cell death while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity.

Zhang R; Xiao T; Zhu B; Kan C; Chen X; Cao Z; Zhao Y; Li Y; Yang G; Pan K -- BMC plant biology

In human osteoblasts, fucoxanthin counteracted dexamethasone-induced reductions in cell viability, bone-forming protein secretion, ATP levels, and mitochondrial function, suggesting potential for addressing glucocorticoid-associated bone disorders.

Elmorsy EM; Al-Ghafari AB; Al Doghaither HA; Almaghrabi RO; Ibrahim SF; Othman G; Ibrahim AM; Abdeen A -- Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

Using an orthogonal design, researchers found that glycine supplementation combined with specific light intensity significantly increased fucoxanthin accumulation in the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum, with underlying gene regulation mechanisms explored.

Yang H; Gong Y; Liu B; Chen Y; Qin H; Wang H; Liu H -- Marine drugs